Research paper on Learned Helplessness

Published under category: Sample Academic Papers | 2015-05-19 20:20:46 UTC

Context: Psychology and Psychiatry

Methods
Participants
The study process involved three members who were randomly selected. Of the three, they were chosen on the basis of their knowledge on the anagram method carried in the previous session. Therefore, those who had not participated in the past study were considered legible to take the survey. The three members were given a questionnaire to answer at different times and the results from the questionnaires used to analyze the anagram test that they took. Additionally, the members’ involvement in the study was made apparent to them beforehand that the process was not for any beneficial value to them. Therefore, their involvement was to help the researcher earn points in the process class. Furthermore, their answers in the study were of a personal nature to avoid generalization of the results and focused on the different sampling of information from the members. However, the members were to act as an average sample for a greater number of students. From the three members, the study aimed at acquiring information from a mixed gender and age bracket; consequently, the results would reflect a general observation and not a biased result that aimed at a particular age bracket or gender and ignored another. Materials and Procedures The three members were involved in the study through the use of a questionnaire that they answered individually. Therefore, the necessary materials used were the questionnaire and a stop watch. The questionnaire had three separate sections, which the participants had to respond individually before the last sampling was done for the whole process. In the first section, the members gave their demographic information. The information they were to provide included their gender, age, race, native language and the university where they attend. The aim of the first part was to present the researcher with details on the background of the participant. Consequently, it eased the environment between the participant and the researcher as they become acquainted. Furthermore, the members’ information was not mandatory if they saw it not comfortable for them to provide these details to the researcher. The easy part of the subject timed to observe the duration that a participant would consider in rearranging the words. Answering of the part one was timed to estimate the category where the participant could be rated. In the second part of the questionnaire, the participant was to take an anagram test where he or she was to rearrange the number of words to make other words. At the conclusion of the anagram subject, with the direction from the researcher, the members were to give their opinions on their perception on the anagram analysis and the study process. On an individual level, each participant gave their views on the study report and the samplings of the results were to serve as the final answers from the members. Additionally, the third part sought to sample the participant’s view on how the issues would be handled if a different person were to take it and determine the time that the study can be completed. Throughout the process, the timer was used to record the duration, which the members took in completing the anagram task and answering the questions. The questionnaire was categorized into three groups; easy, moderate and hard each with a targeted objective at the completion. In the comfortable situation, the questions that the participants were to respond were comfortable for him or her to recognize the words and rearrange them within a set time limit. On the moderate disease, one word that was challenging for the participant to get correctly was introduced, which made the work a little bit challenging. In the third situation, only a single word could be easily recognized by the participant making the task of rearranging the terms carefully. It also took them time to complete the questions as the terms required them to comprehend the terms first before answering them. Results The anagram questions provided a category of three levels; easy, moderately challenging, and carefully. In the three categories of the questions, the duration, which the participant spent in completing the task served as the basis of rating their study results. The difficulty of the questions is considered as a variable, which in turn helped to categorize the results into easy, carefully, and moderate. Additionally, the gender of the participants was also used as a variable with the levels being of male and female. Their results in the completion of the anagram task acted as a basis of identifying with the response that can be achieved from the male participant and the female participant. Additionally, the third part of the anagram task presents four dependent variables, which are the ease of completing the questions at a personal level, the ease of the work for others, the frustration from not finishing the questions within the thirty minutes. After the results of the participant’s questions are collected, a sampling of their responses and the time they took to finish the questions are used to categorize them. A review of the investigation process was achieved by the use of the ANOVA with the independent variables being easy, moderate, and carefully. Firstly, the subject part as per the ANOVA table was considered to identify the ANOVA table value and the p value from the results obtained. The value recorded at less than 0.05, which meant that an additional step of identifying the actual p value. Therefore, the mean of the three different variables were compared; mean of hard and easy, mean of easy and moderate, and the mean of hard and moderate. By applying the post hoc analysis, the means that differ significantly was acknowledged to be careful versus moderate. Additionally, the analysis considered carefully, comfortable and moderate as the dependent variables and the frustration of achieving the set time as the independent variable for the subject. Therefore, the F value was established to be 2,203, which represents 4.32 in the ANOVA table. The p value, which was less than 0.05 prompted a follow up comparison. In the hoc tests, participants were more frustrated in the hard situation with a mean of 4.56 and a standard deviation of 1.21. A comparison of these results with a moderate condition and the warm condition, a hard condition recorded a high frustration rate. In the moderate condition, the participants scored a mean of 3.24 with a standard deviation of 0.89 and in a warm situation; the mean was 1.23 with a standard deviation of 0.77. The questions presented an interactive study of the frustration of individuals in accomplishing a task. In the comfortable situation, accomplishing the questions was easy since the words were not so complicated with the words easy to realize. In the moderate condition, the terms used gave the participant an opportunity to identify with two words, but the third word was still hard to answer correctly. The hard situation, however, seemed to challenge for every participant following the complexity of the terms. The different environments that the members took the questions were also used to categorize the members’ results. Another variable of concern was the ease of answering the questions that were contained in the questions. Considering the personal views of the members on what they consider other people would answer the same questions can also be considered as a variable in answering the completion of the survey. The frustration of the members for not attaining the average time limit of the process also introduces another factor to consider in the rating of the study process. However, considering the various levels of the questions, the participants who took the hard situation tend to think of how difficult the process would be to others since it defeated them. As they perceive their inability to achieve a set goal, they develop the same notion in mind that every other person who might participate in the same will achieve the same results as them. Those in the moderate disease, on the other hand, answered their questions on the view that since the questions was average to them, other members who would take the same questions are going to achieve the same. Where they were unable to achieve the set time limit, they were sure that any other person would be unable to achieve the same limit. In the comfortable situation, the participants completed the work with a view that the questions were favorable to anybody and that it would consider the same if any other person took the same. ORDER PLAGIARISM FREE PAPER